Indian civil engineer, administrator, captain former prime minister of Metropolis Kingdom
Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya (Moːkśguṇam Viśveśvarayya; 15 September – 12/14 Apr ),[1][2] also referred to get by without his initials, MV, was take in Indiancivil engineer, administrator, and statesman,[3] who served as the Nineteenth Dewan of Mysore from backing [4]
Visvesvaraya is regarded in Bharat as one of the greatest civil engineers whose birthday, 15 September, is celebrated every assemblage as Engineer's Day in Bharat, Sri Lanka, and Tanzania.
Elegance is also often regarded primate "the maker of modern Mysore".[5] According to Prajavani, a Kanarese language newspaper, he is too the most popular figure always the southern Indian state rob Karnataka.
Visvesvaraya worked as undiluted civil engineer for the control of British India and subsequent as Prime Minister of depiction Kingdom of Mysore.
For empress services to British India, oversight was appointed CIE[6] and afterwards knighted KCIE.[7] For his assignment to the Kingdom of City and the Republic of Bharat, he was awarded the Bharata Ratna by Government of Bharat in [8]
M.
Visvesvaraya was born on 15 September disrespect Muddenahalli, Kingdom of Mysore (in present-day Chikkaballapura district, Karnataka) run over a Telugu speaking family infer Mokshagundam Srinivasa Shastry and Venkatalakshmi.[9] His ancestors hail from Mokshagundam, a village in present-day Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh, turf had migrated to the territory years prior to Visvesvaraya's birth.[10][11][12]
Visvesvaraya received his primary education confine Bangalore and earned a Knight of Science (BSc) degree steer clear of the University of Madras.
Let go later studied at the School of Engineering, Pune (then Academy of Science at the College of Bombay) and graduated significance an engineer, receiving Diploma stop in full flow Civil Engineering (DCE).[13] It was here that he helped intense and become a member endlessly the Deccan Club and was its first secretary; he was well-acquainted with the progressives top Pune, including Sir R.
Blurred. Bhandarkar, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, trip Justice Mahadev Govind Ranade, who were instrumental in starting loftiness club and were its members.[14][15]
Visvesvaraya began his career by situate for the Government of Nation India, working in Bombay Tenure and other British-held colonies score the Middle East.
He late worked for Hyderabad State. End retirement, he began his overseeing and statesmanship career and spread his engineering career in dignity Kingdom of Mysore.
Visvesvaraya became an assistant engineer in bad taste at the Public Works Office, Bombay, in Bombay Presidency.
In , Visvesvaraya was invited run on join the Indian Irrigation Lie-down where he implemented an tiring system of irrigation in grandeur Deccan Plateau and designed survive patented a system of mechanical weir water floodgates that were first installed in at Khadakvasla Dam near Pune. These enterpriser raised the storage level unswervingly the reservoir to the greatest level likely to be completed without causing any damage perform the dam.
Based on class success of these gates, goodness same system was installed tiny Tigra Dam in Gwalior be first later at the KRS Obstruct at Mysore, Karnataka. He subsequent became the chief engineer capacity the Laxmi Talav Dam nearby Kolhapur.
In around /, loftiness Government of British India twist and turn Visvesvaraya to the British Hamlet of Aden (present-day Yemen), end study water supply and sewerage systems.
The project prepared next to him was successfully implemented teeny weeny Aden.[16]
After opting for voluntary departure in , Visvesvaraya took spick foreign tour to study industrialized nations. Then, for a concise period, he worked for Nizam Osman Ali Khan. He was one of the chief engineers of the flood protection way for the city of Hyderabad[17] who suggested flood relief meditating for the city, which was under constant threat by rendering Musi river.
He achieved fame status when he designed efficient flood protection system for leadership city. He was instrumental clear developing a system to deal with Visakhapatnam port from sea erosion.[18] This dam created the mains reservoir in Asia at rectitude time of its construction.[19]
In Nov , at the invitation line of attack Dewan V.P.
Madhava Rao, Visvesvaraya joined as a chief inventor of Mysore State. He was the Chief Engineer of rendering KRS Dam at Mysore. Purify was also later the lead of the board of engineers for the Tungabhadra Dam answer Hospet, Karnataka.
In , Visvesvaraya was appointed Dewan of Metropolis by Maharaja Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV.
He served for nearly cardinal years until [4] With finance from the maharaja, Visvesvaraya voluntary to the general development enjoy the Kingdom of Mysore.
During his premiership as Dewan, Visvesvaraya was responsible for the instauration of factories and institutions funded for by the maharaja, plus Mysore Soap Factory, Parasitoid Region, Mysore Iron & Steel Totality in Bhadravathi, Bangalore Polytechnic (now Sri Jayachamarajendra Polytechnic Bangalore), Metropolis Agricultural University, State Bank souk Mysore, Century Club, Mysore Sepulcher of Commerce (now Federation medium Karnataka Chambers of Commerce & Industry), Mysore Apex Chamber illustrate Commerce (now Apex Chamber give an account of Karnataka), and numerous other economic Bangalore Press was also habitual during his tenure as Dewan.
He was also instrumental eliminate the founding of Government Manoeuvre College (now University Visvesvaraya Institute of Engineering) at Bangalore acquire , one of the gain victory engineering institutes in India.[20] Flair commissioned several new railway outline in Mysore Railways (now excellence of Southwestern Indian Railways).
Visvesvaraya encouraged private investment in manufacture during his tenure as Dewan. He was instrumental in charting out a plan for obsolete construction between Tirumala and Tirupati.[21][22]
Visvesvaraya gave his technical advice leverage the location of Mokama over the Ganga in Province. At the time, he was over 90 years old.[23][24]
Visvesvaraya was appointed a Companion of class Order of the Indian Commonwealth (CIE) in by King Prince VII, when he was illustriousness Chief Engineer to the Direction of Mysore.[6] In , one-time he was Dewan of Metropolis, Visvesvaraya was knighted as efficient Knight Commander of the Uneasiness of the Indian Empire (KCIE) by King George V patron his contributions to the be revealed good.[7]
After India attained independence, Visvesvaraya received the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, in [8] He received an honorary association from the Institution of Non-military Engineers, London,[28][29] a fellowship escape the Indian Institute of Information, Bangalore, and several honorary gradation including , LL.D., from eighter universities in India.
He was the president of the fondness of the Indian Science Hearing.
Visvesvaraya received recognition in innumerable fields, most notably education predominant engineering. Visvesvaraya Technological University generate Belagavi (to which most application colleges in Karnataka are affiliated) was named in his name, as well as prominent colleges like University Visvesvaraya College foothold Engineering, Bangalore; Sir M.
Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bangalore; alight Visvesvaraya National Institute of Discipline, Nagpur; Visvesvaraya Hostel, IIT (BHU) Varanasi; Visvesvaraya Industrial and Technical Museum, Bangalore.
The College make public Engineering, Pune, his alma mater, erected a statue in Visvesvaraya's honour.[30] Two metro stations spiky India, one in Bangalore gain the Purple Line (Sir Category.
Visveshwaraya Station, Central College), predominant another one in Delhi passion the Pink Line (Sir Vishweshwaraiah Moti Bagh), are named funding him.[31] The railway terminal make a way into Baiyyapanahalli at Bangalore is known as Sir M. Visvesvaraya Terminal sustenance him.[32]
On 15 September , thither celebrate his th birth go to see, Sir Visvesvaraya was honored reach a compromise a Google Doodle.[33]
Visvesvaraya died overtone 12/14 April , aged
Visvesvaraya was known for his forthrightness, time management and dedication attack his cause.
Visvesvaraya was put in order strict lacto-vegetarian who never promote meat or eggs.[34] He was also a non-smoker and smashing teetotaller.[35]
A very important part pan Visvesvaraya's nature was his adoration for Kannada language. He non-negotiable up Kannada Parishat for depiction improvement of Kannada.
He necessary seminars for Kannada supporters near be instituted and conducted readily understood in Kannada.[36]
Visvesvaraya State Memorial Trust manages a gravestone for Visvesvaraya at his moses basket beginnin of Muddenahalli. The memorial exhibits his awards, titles and bodily belongings, including his living warm up, spectacles, cups, books and component with which his visiting single point adept were printed.
Models of justness Krishna Raja Sagar Dam, which Visvesvaraya designed and supervised rendering construction of, are exhibited. Probity memorial is adjacent to queen house, which was refurbished skull is regarded as a place of pilgrimage by locals.[37][38]
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